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How to make the perfect apology: Scientists reveal the six key components to saying you are sorry
1. Expression of regret
2. Explanation of what went wrong
3. Acknowledgement of responsibility
4. Declaration of repentance
5. Offer of repair
6. Request for forgiveness
The more of these components that the apology contained, the more effective it was rated in the study.
Number 3 is the most important component, followed by number 5.